Answer:
The below options are missing from the question:
a. the total amount of income earned since incorporation less distributions to shareholders
b. the total amount of income earned since incorporation
c. the amount of cash available to distribute to common shareholders
d. a reserve the firm can use to acquire another company
a. the total amount of income earned since incorporation less distributions to shareholders
Explanation:
The retained earnings of $8,863 million is the accumulated net income that the company has realized since it incorporation minus all dividends paid to shareholders since.
Note the formula for determining closing retained earnings is given below:
closing retained earnings=beginning retained earnings+net income-dividends
