A section of a DNA molecule that codes for proteins is called ___ *
gene
chromosome
deoxyribose
cytosine
A verson of a gene is called a(n) *
allele
gamete
genotype
phenotype
In eukaryotes, chromosomes are composed of DNA wrapped around proteins. What is this combination called? *
histones
chromatin
genes
nucleosomes
Select the mutation that would most likely have a harmful effect on an organism. *
There is not enough information to know whether a mutation would be harmful.
A deletion of three bases near the center of a gene.
All mustations have a harmful effect on organisms.
A substitution of a thymine for an adenine.
The Central Dogma states: DNA gets __________ into _____________, which gets _________________ into a ________________________ *
translated : RNA : transcribed : protein
transcribed : RNA : translated : protein
translated : DNA : transcribed : RNA
transcribed : DNA : translated : RNA
During DNA replication, what would happen if a cytosine base is substituted for a thymine base? *
The cytosine base would pair with adenine when the DNA was replicated.
The sequence could code for the wrong amino acid during translation.
The entire segment of DNA would be affected.
There would be no effect on the DNA.
Identify the first step of protein synthesis. *
DNA unzips between the base pairs.
A ribosome attaches to the mRNA.
Amino acids are linked together with peptide bonds.
tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and attaches them to the mRNA strand.
The matching DNA strand to the one in the figure below, reading from the bottom up, would be *
Captionless Image
AGCT
AGCU
TGCA
UCGA
What is the base sequence of the DNA gene that originally produced the mRNA codon AGU? *
UAC
TCA
TCC
AGU
Which statement is true about cystic fibrosis? *
Cystic fibrosis affects a person's ability to make normal red blood cells.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in which a dominant allele replaces a recessive allele.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion of one codon in the DNA molecule.
Carriers of cystic fibrosis have an advantage over people who do not have the mutation.
How is the CRISPR technique beneficial in creating GMOs? *
Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly.
It eliminates all risk of mutation.
Diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding.
CRISPR can result in infertile hybrids.
Which regulation step in eukaryotic cells removes sections of RNA called introns? *
RNA processing
post-translation
chromatin remodeling
mRNA life span
Select the statement that best describes why Punnett squares are useful. *
Punnett squares are used to predict how recessive alleles are inherited.
Punnett squares are used to predict how dominant alleles are inherited.
Punnett squares are used to predict all possible allele combinations and their frequencies in offspring.
Punnett squares are used to predict the most likely allele combinations of the parents in a cross.
In mice, black fur is dominant (B) to brown (b) fur. Assuming this gene follows a Mendelian inheritance pattern, what would the phenotype a mouse be if it's genotype is Bb. *
fur with brown hairs
fur with both black and brown hairs
fur with yellow hairs
fur with black hairs
What is the probability of producing a short plant when a tall, heterozygous pea plant is crossed with a tall, heterozygous pea plant? *
0%
25%
50%
75%
Option 2
In mice, a long tail is dominant to a short tail. If a long-tailed heterozygous mouse is bred with a short-tailed mouse, what percentage of the offspring will have short tails? *
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Option 3
Epistasis is when the allele of one gene masks the effects of another gene. Using the Punnett square above, what color would a dog's fur be it its genes are aabb? *
Captionless Image
white
yellow
brown
black
Which of the following is an example of codominance? *
black and yellow coat color in Labrador retrievers
black and brown spotted coat color in horses
seed shape in pea plants
tall and short plants heights
How are new viruses made? *
sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
viral DNA or RNA copied by viral cells
viral DNA or RNA copied by a host cell