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The Franco-Prussian War was a conflict fought between France and Prussia, along with its allies, from 1870 to 1871. The war resulted in the defeat of France and the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership.
Otto von Bismarck was a prominent statesman and diplomat in 19th-century Europe. He served as the Chancellor of the German Empire and played a key role in the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership, as well as in the establishment of the balance of power in Europe.
The Romanov Dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Russia from 1613 to 1917. It was founded by Michael Romanov and included notable tsars such as Peter the Great and Catherine the Great.
A tsar was the title of the ruler of Russia before the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was equivalent to the title of emperor.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne whose assassination in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, triggered the outbreak of World War I.
The "Powder Keg of Europe" referred to the volatile political situation in the Balkans in the early 20th century, where tensions among various ethnic and national groups created a potential spark for conflict.
Mlada Bosna, or Young Bosnia, was a nationalist movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina that sought independence from Austro-Hungarian rule.
Gavrilo Princip was a Bosnian Serb member of the nationalist organization Mlada Bosna who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, triggering World War I.
Sarajevo is the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in 1914.
The July Crisis refers to the diplomatic crisis that followed the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and ultimately led to the outbreak of World War I.
Count Leopold Berchtold was the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs during the July Crisis of 1914.
Kaiser Wilhelm II was the German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 to 1918.
Prime Minister Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg was the Chancellor of Germany during World War I.
Propaganda refers to information, often biased or misleading, used to promote a particular political cause or point of view.
Total War is a concept of warfare in which a nation mobilizes all available resources and civilian population to support the war effort.
The Western Front was the main theater of war during World War I, where the armies of the Allies and the Central Powers faced each other in trench warfare.
The Eastern Front was the theater of war between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria on one side and Russia on the other during World War I.
The Allies, also known as the Triple Entente, were the coalition of France, Russia, and Britain during World War I.
The Central Powers, also known as the Triple Alliance, were the coalition of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy during World War I.
Alfred von Schlieffen was a German Field Marshal who devised the Schlieffen Plan, a strategic plan for Germany to quickly defeat France in the event of a two-front war.
The Battle of Liege was the first battle of World War I, where the Belgian city of Liege was besieged by German forces.
The Battle of the Frontiers was a series of battles fought on the Western Front at the outset of World War I.
U-boats were German submarines used during World War I to disrupt Allied shipping.
The Battle of Verdun was one of the longest and most costly battles of World War I, fought between the French and German armies in 1916.
The Battle of the Somme was a major battle of World War I fought between the British and French armies against the German Empire in 1916.
The Battle of Tannenberg was a decisive battle on the Eastern Front of World War I, where the German Empire defeated the Russian Empire in 1914.
The Duma was the Russian parliament established in the late 19th century.
The Provisional Government was a temporary government established in Russia following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in 1917.
Alexander Kerensky was a key political figure in the Russian Provisional Government during the Russian Revolution.
Vladimir Lenin was a revolutionary leader and the founder of the Bolshevik Party, which seized power during the Russian Revolution in 1917.
The Bolsheviks were a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party led by Vladimir Lenin, which later became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
The Treaty of Brest Litovsk was a peace treaty between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers, ending Russia's participation in World War I.
The Lusitania was a British ocean liner sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, which contributed to the United States' entry into World War I.
The Zimmerman Telegram was a secret diplomatic communication sent by the German Empire to Mexico, proposing a military alliance against the United States during World War I.
Woodrow Wilson was the President of the United States during World War I and played a key role in shaping the post-war world order, including the establishment of the League of Nations.
